How Did Freemasonry Succeed in Overthrowing Sultan Abdul Hamid II ?

In the late nineteenth century, secret societies and organizations abounded, which were founded by Ottoman citizens, most of whom belonged to the Jewish and Christian minorities, and even Muslims among them. Freemasonry was the most prominent of the Union and Progress Society, and this group strongly opposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and worked to isolate him. The main reason behind this was Sultan Abdul Hamid’s rejection of Herzl’s demand to establish a national home for the Jews in Palestine, despite the tempting offers made by the Jews to the Ottoman state.

Sultan Abdul Hamid II was very wary of the Jewish-backed Society of Union and Progress, Masonic lodges, and Western countries. Sultan Abdul Hamid’s intelligence was able to identify this movement and gather information about it. However, this movement was strong, and Abd al-Hamid’s monitoring of the members of this movement came late, as they pushed the people to noisy demonstrations in Thessaloniki, Manastir, Askop, and Sawsan demanding the restoration of the constitution, in addition to the fact that the demonstrators threatened to march on Constantinople. This led the Sultan to submit to the demands of the demonstrators; Where he announced the constitution, and revived Parliament, on July 24, 1908 AD, and there were several reasons that made the Union and Progress Society keep Sultan Abdul Hamid II in that period on the throne, including:

1 The Union and Progress had not had sufficient power to dismiss him in 1908 AD.

2 Abdul Hamid II adopting a policy of flexibility with them, by implementing their desires to restore the constitution.

3- The loyalty of the Ottomans to the person of Sultan Abdul Hamid. This point is clear. Since the Committee for Union and Promotion did not have the courage to spread its propaganda against Sultan Abdul Hamid II among the soldiers; Because they revered the Sultan.

Global Zionism was not limited to the constitutional coup of 1908 AD, but cooperated with the Union and Progress Society to achieve other gains in Palestine, and accordingly it was necessary to get rid of Sultan Abdul Hamid II once and for all. Large, in which some soldiers of the Union and Progression Society were killed, the accident was known in history as the 31 Mart accident.

This great turmoil took place in the capital, with European and Jewish planning with the men of Union and Progress, after which the Union and Progress army moved from Thessaloniki, and entered Istanbul, and thus the Muslim Caliph Sultan Abdul Hamid II was removed from all his civil and religious authorities:

1- The management of the accident of 31 Mart.

2- Burning the Qur’an.

3- Extravagance.

4- Injustice and bloodshed.

Although the Ottoman Union and Progress Society adopted Western ideas against Islam and Islamic thought; But she took advantage of religion when she addressed the people to influence them, and to win supporters for them in their battle against Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and they succeeded in that.

In its statements to the Ottomans, the association says: “Oh, the Ottomans: our goal is the safety of the state and the caliphate, and no one is ignorant of this anymore.” The Qur’an is under its feet, and thus it crushes conscience and faith) and (Wake up, O nation of Muhammad!) And (Bold courage, O Muslims! Courage is from us and help from God, victory from God and conquest is near) and (O unified Muslim! Read in the name of your Lord) and (Rise up, O The monotheistic Muslim! Save your religion and your faith from the hand of the oppressors. And by that, save yourself! Here is a mighty Satan who carries a crown over his head, and in his hand is your religion and your faith. So save your religion from him and your faith, O monotheist) and (O Muslims! And there is no caliph! And whoever does not believe our saying this: Let him look at the book and the Sunnah, our society has highlighted the Qur’anic verses, the prophetic hadiths, the commands of God, and the orders of the Messenger directed to the government and the people, but Sultan Abdul Hamid turned his face away from the orders of God and the commands of the head. Therefore, he proved his wrongdoing, and was not ashamed of objecting to God; Therefore, our people should resort to arms against them, and if the people do not do this; Then let him bear the burden of the injustice that Sultan Abdul Hamid has been upon.

The ruling thought in the directions of the Association (Union and Progression) was: Freemasonry, which does not recognize religions, and adopts positivist philosophy (rationalism, which denies religion) and secularism (which distances religion from life), yet the union revolutionaries used religion Abdul Hamid to fight the Sultan The second, and they slandered him in the name of religion.

The accusations that were leveled against Sultan Abdul Hamid II are not proven by scientific research, nor by arguments, and evidence of his total innocence of what is attributed to him. Evidence has proven that Sultan Abdul Hamid was not aware of the incident of March 31, and that (it is impossible to burn the books of Sultan Abdul Hamid, Abdul Hamid He is a sultan who is known for his piety, and his neglect of prayer and devotion is not known, and he is known not to be extravagant, and because he does not know extravagance, money was always available with him, and therefore he removed many burdens from the state from his own money).

As for his oppression and bloodshed, he did not know about this Sultan Abdul Hamid, and bloodshed was never part of his policy.

And the putschists did not lose sight of the pressure on the Mufti of Islam Muhammad Zia al-Din by issuing a fatwa on khul. On the 27th of April 1909 AD, 240 members of the Senate met in a joint session and decided by agreement to oust Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and Al-Shandi Effendi wrote the fatwa’s deputy However, the Secretary of the Fatwa, Nuri Effendi, who was called for the meeting, rejected this draft and threatened to resign from his position if it was not amended. .

Here is the text of the fatwa:

(Signed by Sheikh Al-Islam Muhammad Zia-al-Din Effendi, and the Council of the Envoys unanimously approved it “If the Imam of the Muslims Zayd rises and makes his religion folding and extracting important legal issues from the legal books, collecting the mentioned books, extravagance, extravagance from the treasury house, and disputes He was killed, imprisoned, and alienated the people without a legitimate reason, and all other injustices, then he swore to return from his wrongdoing, then he returned, he perjured, and insisted on creating a sedition in order to disturb the position of all Muslims. It was noted that in its survival there will be real harm, and in its removal a goodness, so is it obligatory for the people of the solution, the contract, and the guardians to offer the aforementioned Zaid the relinquishment of the caliphate and the sultanate, or his removal from them. Answer: Yes, it is necessary).

This fatwa was read in the joint meeting of the Milli Council, and the federal deputies shouted: We want to remove him, and after deliberations, the removal of Sultan Abdul Hamid II was approved.

On the authority of the Union and Progress Society, a committee was formed to inform the Caliph of Muslims and the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the decision to depose him. This committee consisted of:

1 Emmanuel Karasu: He is a Spanish Jew, who was one of the first participants in the Young Turk movement. He was responsible before the Union and Progress Association for inciting riots, inciting against Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and securing communications between Thessaloniki and Istanbul regarding the movement’s communications. This is a lawyer, and the Assembly of Union and Progress successfully appointed him in the Ottoman Parliament as a representative for Thessaloniki once, and twice for Istanbul. English sources described him as one of the leaders of union and promotion. He worked during the war as an inspector for subsistence, and while he was in this position, he was able to collect a lot of money for his own account, and he played an important role in Italy’s occupation of Libya for a sum of money paid to him by Italy. As a result of his betrayal of the state, he was forced to flee to Italy and obtain the right of Italian citizenship, and settled in Tresna, where he died in 1934 AD. And while he was in the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Master of the Forum of Macedonia Izolta Freemason.

2 Aram: He is an Armenian member of the Ottoman Senate.

3- Asaad Tobani: He is an Albanian. He is a deputy in the Council of Envoys for the Daraj region.

4 Arif Hekmat: He is a naval team member of the Senate, and he is Karji of Iraq.

Sultan Abdul Hamid narrates in his memoirs the details of this incident, saying: (What grieves me is not the dismissal from power, but the disrespectful treatment he received after these words of Asaad Pasha, which went beyond all limits of literature, where I told them: I bow to the legitimacy and the decision of the Council of The envoys, and that is the appreciation of the Mighty, the All-Knowing, except that I confirm that I had not the slightest relationship, neither from afar nor from a close, with the events that erupted on March 31, then he added: (The responsibility you have shouldered is very heavy.) Then Abd al-Hamid pointed to Quraso, saying : (What is the work of this Jew in the position of caliphate? With what purpose did you bring this man before me?).

The Jews and the Freemasons considered this day a feast for them, and rejoiced in it, and marched with a large demonstration in the city of Thessaloniki, and the Freemasons were not satisfied with that, but they printed the picture of these demonstrations on postcards, to be sold in the markets of Ottoman Turkey, for a long time. Federalists have always prided themselves on being Freemasons. Rafiq Maniasi Zadeh made statements to the French newspaper Temps in Paris after the coup of the Union and Progress Movement, in which he stated: (… It was for the financial and moral aid we received from the Italian Masonic Society, which provided us with great help due to our connection with it).

This relationship between Zionism and Freemasonry was clarified by Sultan Abdul Hamid II in the letter he addressed to Sheikh Mahmoud Abi al-Shamat, his sheikh in the Shadhili way after his removal, in the year 1329 AH, and it came in this message:

(These unionists have insisted on me that I approve the establishment of a national home for the Jews in the Holy Land (Palestine), and despite their insistence, I did not definitively accept this assignment, and finally they promised to offer one hundred and fifty million English pounds in gold. Al-Qada’i: (If you pay the fullness of the world in gold, I will not accept this assignment from you definitively, I have served the Islamic community and the Muhammadan nation for more than thirty years and I will not blacken the papers of the Muslims.) After this answer they agreed to depose me, and they informed me: They will expel me from you, except With this last mandate, I praised the Lord, and I thank Him that I did not accept to taint the Islamic world with this eternal disgrace arising from their mandate to establish a Jewish state in the Holy Land of Palestine).

In an article published in the Turkish newspaper Buyuk Dogu on May 2, 1947 AD, Issue 61, Muharram Fawzi Togay says under the title (Palestine and the Jewish Question) as follows:

(Sultan Abdul Hamid prevented the achievement of the goal of establishing a Jewish state in Palestine, and this prohibition cost Sultan Abdul Hamid dearly, and claimed his throne, and this later led to the collapse of the entire Ottoman state). Although: he was aware – as Nizam al-Din Labha Dengalioglu said – in his study of the role of the Jews in the demolition of the Ottoman Empire: that (the Jews possess many powers that can succeed in organized work, money was with them, and international trade relations were in their hands, as they owned European press, Masonic lodges).